THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA1

DENT 3005: Introduction to Pharmacology

Medical and medication history

Dr Thuy Linh Truong thuy.truong@uwa.edu.au

Acknowledgement of country2

The University of Western Australia acknowledges that its campus is situated on Noongar land, and that Noongar people remain the spiritual and cultural custodians of their land, and continue to practise their values, languages, beliefs and knowledge.

Artist: Dr Richard Barry Walley OAM

Learning Outcomes3

Learning objectives

  1. Explain the rationale for each medical history question
  2. Identify how systemic diseases and medications impact dental treatment
  3. Practice applying this knowledge in clinical setting

Medical History4

  • Professional duty
    • Required by Code of Conduct
    • Foundation for safe, ethical care
  • Accurate records
    • Factual, up-to-date, legible
    • No biased or judgmental language
    • Include history, diagnosis, treatment, and consent
  • Continuity of care
    • Clear for other providers
    • Include social, cultural, and psychological factors
  • Confidentiality
    • Secure storage and access
    • Follow privacy laws
  • Patient rights: patients can access and request their records

Impressions 🙂5

  • First impressions matter
    • Build trust from the start
    • Negative impressions can last
  • Patient anxiety is common
    • Be calm, friendly, and reassuring
  • Team roles
    • Dentist: hold the ultimate responsibility
    • Receptionist, dental assistance: aid in building rapport
  • Next steps
    • What info is needed?
    • How to collect it well?

Open Vs Closed Questions6

  • Closed questions
    • Require brief, definite answers (Yes/No)
    • Useful for medical history
    • E.g., Do you take medication?
  • Open questions
    • Begin with What, When, Who, Where, Which, or How
    • Encourage detailed responses and feelings
    • E.g., What are your main dental concerns?
  • Use both types
    • Helps gather complete and relevant info
    • Sets the tone for a positive patient relationship

Personal history – why it matters7

  • Confirm name, DOB, address, and contact details
  • Job roles may affect oral health
    • Eg. Pastry chef, sommelier…
    • Stressful jobs → clenching, bruxism
  • Occupation may influence treatment planning
    • Eg. Singers or wind musicians
  • Personal history provides context for tailored care

Medical history – a clinical essential8

  • Critical for safe and effective treatment
  • Prevents avoidable medical complications
  • Use clear formats: verbal, written, or electronic
  • Ensure patient understands the questions
    • Signature ≠ comprehension
  • Verify unclear answers
  • Update regularly – health changes over time

Dental history – more than what you see9

  • Ask about past and recent dental experiences
    • Regular attendance?
    • Recent treatments?
    • Current pain or sensitivity?
    • Bleeding gums?
    • Dental anxieties?
  • Patients often recall useful details not visible on exam
  • Supports better diagnosis and treatment planning
  • Helps build rapport and address patient concerns

Medical History Questions by System/Category10

System/CategoryMedical History Questions
CardiovascularDo you have any cardiovascular disease? (e.g. hypertension, heart disease)
Bleeding/Clotting disordersDo you have a bleeding or clotting disorder?
Have you ever had excessive bleeding?
Do you have any blood disorders (e.g. anaemia)?
RespiratoryDo you have a respiratory disease? (e.g. asthma, emphysema)
NeurologicalDo you have a neurological disorder? (e.g. epilepsy)
GastrointestinalDo you have a gastrointestinal disease? (e.g. coeliac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, gastritis)
EndocrineDo you have an endocrine condition? (e.g. diabetes, thyroid disorder, dyslipidaemia)
Renal/HepaticDo you have kidney or liver disease? (e.g. hepatitis)
Bone-modifying agentsHave you ever taken medications such as bisphosphonates or denosumab?
Skin conditionsDo you have any skin diseases?
Psychological healthDo you have any psychological conditions? (e.g. anxiety, depression, dental phobia)
Cancer/RadiationDo you have a history of cancer?
Have you received radiation therapy to the head or neck?
Infectious diseaseHave you ever had an infectious disease? (e.g. tuberculosis, hepatitis, HIV)
HospitalisationsHave you had any past operations or hospitalisations?
Were there any complications?
PregnancyAre you currently pregnant? If yes, what is your due date?
AllergiesDo you have any allergies to medications, food, or chemicals?
MedicationsAre you currently taking any medications, including supplements?
Recreational drug useHave you ever used recreational drugs?
Smoking/VapingDo you currently or previously smoke or vape?
Please specify product, quantity (per day/week), and duration
Alcohol useDo you consume alcohol?
Please specify type of drink, amount (per day/week/month/year), and duration

PATIENT PERSONAL & MEDICAL QUESTIONNAIRE11

PRIVATE & CONFIDENTIAL

Welcome to our Practice Please answer these questions as completely as possible. It will greatly assist us to provide the best dental treatment for you.


Personal Information

Name(Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms/Dr/Other) … (First Names) … (Family Name) …

Address … Postcode …

Date of Birth … Phone (Home) … Phone (Work) …

Phone (Mobile) … Preferred Daytime Contact: Home / Work / Mobile (Please Circle) …

E-mail …

Occupation … Employer …

Emergency Contact … Relationship … Phone …

Person responsible for payment of accounts …

Private Health Fund (if applicable) …

Whom may we thank for recommending you to our practice? …

Privacy Statement12

We value your privacy. All of the information which you provide to us will be held and used by us in accordance with our Privacy Policy. A copy of our Privacy Policy is attached to this Questionnaire. Please take the time to read through our Privacy Policy before answering the Questionnaire and speak to one of our staff members if you have any concerns about how we will use your personal information.


Medical History13

The state of your health may have a very significant effect on your dental care. Please answer these questions fully or discuss them with your dentist:

YN
I have private and confidential medical matters which I wish to discuss with the dentist
Are you receiving any medical treatment at present?
Have you ever been in hospital?

Name of your medical practitioner/specialist …

If yes to hospitalisation, nature of hospitalisation and dates: …

Medications

Some medicines may interfere with your dental treatment or react with medicaments used by your dentist. It is important that your dentist knows precisely what medications (if any) that you are taking.

Please list any medications you are currently taking, or have been taking recently including injections, herbal remedies, vitamins, supplements, cold/flu treatments, sleeping pills, pain relievers, implants, so we can take appropriate precautions and avoid drug interactions.

Drug NameDosageDuration of TreatmentPurpose/Condition

Allergies

Please list any known ALLERGIES or ADVERSE REACTIONS to drugs (especially antibiotics eg. penicillin), medicines, antiseptics, local anaesthetics, latex, preservatives that we should know about.

Drug NameNature of ReactionHow Long Ago

If you are in any doubt about your medication, please bring a Pharmacy Medication Summary or the bottle or packet(s) to the practice to show the dentist.

Medical Conditions14

Please indicate YES or NO if you have ever had any of the following:

ConditionYNConditionYN
Rheumatic feverJaw, neck or shoulder injury or pain
Heart condition/cardiac surgery/pacemakerEpilepsy/Seizures
Heart valve replacementThyroid disease (including goitre)
High or low blood pressureTuberculosis (TB)
Blood disordersAsthma/Bronchitis/lung conditions
Excessive bruising or bleedingNervous system disorder
Hepatitis, jaundice or liver diseaseAnxiety/Depression
Kidney/renal diseaseGastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
DiabetesCancer or malignancy of any kind
Osteoporosis or low bone densityChemotherapy/Radiation therapy
Rheumatoid arthritis/Lupus (SLE)/PolymyalgiaTransplanted organ/bone marrow/stem cells
Joint replacement surgerySnoring/Sleep Apnoea

Lifestyle

  • Have you ever smoked? Y ☐ N ☐ Approx date if quit …
  • Do you currently smoke or vape? Y ☐ N ☐
    • If yes, for how long? … How much do you smoke … per day
  • Have you ever used illicit substances and/or recreational drugs? Y ☐ N ☐
    • If yes, when? Recent ☐ More than 1 yr ago ☐
  • Do you consume alcohol? Y ☐ N ☐
  • Do you suffer from any illness not listed above or carry any infectious disease? Y ☐ N ☐
    • If yes, please provide details …

For Female Patients15

  • Are you pregnant or is there a chance you could be pregnant? Y ☐ N ☐
    • If yes, date due …
  • Are you currently breastfeeding? Y ☐ N ☐

Declaration

In signing this form I acknowledge that this represents an accurate medical history. I will advise my dentist of any changes to my medical history in the future. I understand that all medical details will be treated with complete professional confidentiality. I have read the privacy document provided by this practice.

Patient Signature: … Date …//…                                           &s;                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      &- (Parent or guardian under 18 years)

Dentist Signature: … Date …//…


Practice Use Only: Review of Information

Patient Signature: … Date …//…

Dentist Comment: … Signature … Date …//…

Patient Signature: … Date …//…

Dentist Comment: … Signature … Date …//…

Patient Signature: … Date …//…

Dentist Comment: … Signature … Date …//…

Cardiovascular conditions16

Case

A patient with hypertension on aspirin and a history of atrial fibrillation

Discussion points

  • Why do we need to know about cardiovascular disease?
  • How might aspirin affect dental treatment?
  • What precautions are necessary before scaling or extractions?

Bleeding disorders17

Case

A 45-year-old female with von Willebrand disease scheduled for dental scaling

Discussion points

  • How does a bleeding disorder affect dental treatment?
  • What considerations are necessary?
  • What considerations if patient has anaemia or unexplained bleeding?

Respiratory conditions18

Case

A 30-year-old asthmatic uses salbutamol regularly and has mild wheezing today

Discussion points

  • How should treatment be modified?
  • What emergency preparedness is required?
  • How should asthma be managed in the dental setting?
  • Are there any materials or procedures to avoid?

Neurological conditions19

Case

A 28-year-old with well-controlled epilepsy had a seizure 6 months ago

Discussion points

  • What are the risks during dental care?
  • How can seizures be prevented or managed?

Gastrointestinal conditions20

Case

A patient with Crohn’s disease presents with recurrent ulcers and clinically signs of enamel wear on upper palatal

Discussion points

  • What oral signs are associated with Crohn’s?
  • Any product sensitivities?
  • Oral manifestations of some GI conditions

Endocrine conditions21

Case

A 55-year-old with type 2 diabetes on metformin and insulin

Discussion points

  • How does diabetes affect periodontal health and healing?
  • What are hypoglycaemia risks?
  • What are the dental implications of diabetes?
  • What timing is best for appointments?

Renal/Hepatic conditions22

Case

A patient with stage 3 chronic kidney disease

Discussion points

  • What implications for drug prescribing?
  • Dental implications for his medical conditions?

Bone modifying agents23

Case

A patient on denosumab for osteoporosis presents for an extraction

Discussion points

  • What is MRONJ and how can it be prevented?
  • Should extractions be delayed or avoided?

Skin conditions24

Case

A patient with severe eczema and known contact dermatitis

Discussion points

  • What dental materials may trigger reactions?

Psychological health25

Case

A 25-year-old with severe dental anxiety and panic attacks

Discussion points

  • How do mental health conditions affect dental care?
  • How can we improve patient comfort?

Cancer/Radiation Therapy26

Case

A patient with a history of head and neck cancer and jaw radiotherapy

Discussion points

  • What risks persist long after radiation?
  • What is osteoradionecrosis?
  • Considerations when treating this patient?

Infectious disease27

Case

A patient discloses HIV-positive status with an undetectable viral load

Discussion points

  • Are there additional infection control measures?
  • Is dental treatment safe?
  • Oral manifestations?

Past operations/Hospitalization/Complications28

Case

Patient reports allergic reaction after general anaesthesia during childhood surgery

Discussion points

  • How should you investigate this history?
  • Does this affect dental care?

Pregnancy29

Case

A 32-year-old woman in her second trimester needing scaling and a filling

Discussion points

  • Is it safe to treat during pregnancy?
  • What precautions should be taken?

Allergies30

Case

Patient reports penicillin allergy as a child

Discussion points

  • How should allergy be confirmed?
  • What are safer alternatives?

Medication history (including complementary)31

Case

Patient is on SSRIs, fish oil, and St John’s Wort

Discussion points

  • Why ask about supplements?
  • Any drug interactions?

Recreational drug use32

Case

Patient occasionally uses cocaine and MDMA on weekends

Discussion points

  • What are risks during dental procedures?
  • How does drug use affect oral health?

Smoking/vaping33

Case

Long-term smoker, switched to vaping 6 months ago

Discussion points

  • What’s the dental impact of smoking and vaping?
  • Should cessation be discussed?

Alcohol use34

Case

Drinks 4 beers per night; recent liver test abnormalities

Discussion points

  • What are oral and systemic impacts of alcohol?
  • How does it affect treatment?

tions should be taken?

Allergies30

AllergiesDo you have any allergies to medications, food, or chemicals?

Case: patient reports penicillin allergy as a child

Discussion points

  • How should allergy be confirmed?
  • What are safer alternatives?

Medication history (including complementary)31

MedicationsAre you currently taking any medications, including supplements?

Case: patient is on SSRIs, fish oil, and St John’s Wort

Discussion points

  • Why ask about supplements?
  • Any drug interactions?

Recreational drug use32

Recreational drug useHave you ever used recreational drugs?

Case: patient occasionally uses cocaine and MDMA on weekends

Discussion points

  • What are risks during dental procedures?
  • How does drug use affect oral health?

Smoking/vaping33

Smoking/VapingDo you currently or previously smoke or vape? Please specify product, quantity (per day/week), and duration

Case: long-term smoker, switched to vaping 6 months ago

Discussion points

  • What’s the dental impact of smoking and vaping?
  • Should cessation be discussed?

Alcohol use34

Alcohol useDo you consume alcohol? Please specify type of drink, amount (per day/week/month/year), and duration

Case: drinks 4 beers per night; recent liver test abnormalities

Discussion points

  • What are oral and systemic impacts of alcohol?
  • How does it affect treatment?

Footnotes

  1. Original PDF page 1: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.1

  2. Original PDF page 2: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.2

  3. Original PDF page 3: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.3

  4. Original PDF page 4: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.4

  5. Original PDF page 5: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.5

  6. Original PDF page 6: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.6

  7. Original PDF page 7: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.7

  8. Original PDF page 8: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.8

  9. Original PDF page 9: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.9

  10. Original PDF page 10: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.10

  11. Original PDF page 11: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.11

  12. Original PDF page 12: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.12

  13. Original PDF page 13: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.13

  14. Original PDF page 14: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.14

  15. Original PDF page 15: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.15

  16. Original PDF page 16: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.16

  17. Original PDF page 17: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.17

  18. Original PDF page 18: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.18

  19. Original PDF page 19: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.19

  20. Original PDF page 20: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.20

  21. Original PDF page 21: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.21

  22. Original PDF page 22: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.22

  23. Original PDF page 23: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.23

  24. Original PDF page 24: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.24

  25. Original PDF page 25: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.25

  26. Original PDF page 26: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.26

  27. Original PDF page 27: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.27

  28. Original PDF page 28: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.28

  29. Original PDF page 29: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.29

  30. Original PDF page 30: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.30 2

  31. Original PDF page 31: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.31 2

  32. Original PDF page 32: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.32 2

  33. Original PDF page 33: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.33 2

  34. Original PDF page 34: L10 Medical and Drug History 2025, p.34 2