Case 1 : Huntington’s Disease Management

Medical History

  • Huntingdon’s Disease (Dx 2000)
    • Diagnosed 25 years prior, indicating advanced progression with severe chorea (involuntary, dance-like movements).
    • Moderate Chorea
  • Dysphagia ( Severe )
    • declined PEG
    • The patient declined a percutaneous endoscopic gastrotomy (PEG) feeding tube, preferring to maintain her quality of life.
      • Speech and Language Therapist, stabilised BMI
    • The stabilized BMI indicates successful management of her swallowing.

Social History

  • used to work + housekeep
    • The patient was a former accountant and housekeeper, indicating she was a very capable individual.
  • Walking stick

Dental History

  • Moderate caries risk
  • Food pouching
  • This leads to characteristic buccal caries , which are uncommon in the general population.
  • Self-brushing after meals
  • The patient is unable to perform effective toothbrushing due to severe movements.
  • MEDS: Tetrabenazine, Citalopram (SSRI)

Management

The main challenge for management was the patient’s severe, involuntary movements.

  • I/O Exam with Clinical Holding/ Protective Stabilisation
  • Shared-decision/informed consent
  • This involved the patient, her next of kin, and her physician.
  • Mild Sedation: 6mg Midazolam Orally, 20mins prior
  • This very low dose was enough to attenuate the dyskinesia significantly without requiring full sedation.
  • CAP 15 Distal Occlusal
  • Water control
  • Water spray was carefully controlled due to the patient’s dysphagia.
  • Mouth prop