1. Recognize and evaluate skeletal and dental relationships in all three planes of space
Facial Form Analysis
Cephalometric Analysis
1. Vertical Plane of Space
2. Anterior - Posterior Plane
3. Transverse plane of space
2. Recognize and quantify the patient’s arch length status
3. Evaluate the skeletal and arch length considerations, interactions and appropriateness of treatment or non-tretment
4. Recommend treatment or referral of specific problems based upon case evaluation
II - Biologic Response to Orthodontic force
1. Describe the histologic/cellular/vascular response of the supporting structures to force applied to teeth
2. Discuss the role of biologic electricity in maintenance and turnover of alveolar bone
3. Describe the relationship of orthodontic force levels to anchorage
III - Mechanical Principles in Controlling Orthodontic Force
1. Define and apply the principles of anchorage in appliance design to control and minimize unwanted tooth movement
2. Describe and recognize different types of removable orthodontic appliances in the following categories
A Functional (Orthopaedic) appliances
Functional Appliance Effects
B Crozat
C Hawley type
D Clear aligner Therapy
3. Describe and make correct appliance designs of the active Hawley type with specific recommendations for these components
A Active
B Retention
C connector
D reactive or anchorage
4. Select the correct wire size for active and retentive elements of active Hawley type appliances
5. Define and explain the biomechanical principles that pertain to orthodontics, specifically the meaning of terms such as “force”, “Moment”, “Fulcrum”, “center of rotation”, and “anchorage” as applied to biomechanics
Defining tooth movement as a ratio of Mc/MF
6. Demonstrate the relationship between wire size, strength, stiffness and the force produced for a given deflection
7. Explain the difference between tipping and bodily tooth movement, and how an applied force can produce either
IV Orthodontic anchorage and Controlled tooth Movement
1. Describe the reaction of a tooth to a single force placed against the crown
2. Describe the reaction of a tooth to a two-force system placed against the as a function of the moment-to-force ratio
3. Indicate the changes in orthodontic forces and moments needed for successful movement of a tooth that has lost alveolar bone support (as from previous periodontal disease )
4. Describe the adaptations in the contemporary edgewise appliance to reduce in-out (first order) bends in arch wires
5. Describe the adaptations in the contemporary edgewise appliance to reduce angulation (second order) bends in arch wires
6. Describe the adaptations in the contemporary edgewise appliance to reduce torque (third order) bends in rectangular arch wires