Etiology and Pathophysiology

Contributory factors :

  • hyperplastic response to chronic irritation

Prevalence

  • most common oral tumor-like swelling

Histological Features

  • mature fibrous tissue
  • Minimal inflammation
  • Mineralization commonly seen (dystrophic calcification)

Clinical Features

Location

  • most common near the front of the mouth on the gingiva between two teeth

Appearance

  • smooth pink nodule on marginal/attached gingiva
  • often occurs around inflamed gingiva

Differential Diagnoses

  • OSCC
  • Pyogenic granuloma
  • Squamous papilloma

Relevant Clinical Investigations

  • Biopsy
  • Image to rule out underlying bone involvement

Patient Management

  • Surgical excistion to periosteum —> scale and clean —> removal of local irritatns